Reclassifying Contractual Risk in Pandemics: COVID-19 as Force Majeure, Frustration, or a Third Path?
by Guto Mogere, Ronald Makokha, Dennis Nkarichia & Christopher Munene I. Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic erupted as an unprecedented global crisis that fundamentally disrupted commercial and contractual relationships worldwide. As businesses faced government-mandated lockdowns, supply chain collapses, and dramatic shifts in market conditions, parties found themselves unable to perform contractual obligations through no fault of […]